(1) Video Library > 2. Principles of Argument Analysis: What is a Good Argument?
- Buy now
- Learn more
Part 1: What is a Good Argument?

Introduction
What is an Argument?

What is an Argument?
What is a Claim?
What is a Good Argument (I)?
Identifying Premises and Conclusions
What is an Argument?: Quiz
What is a Good Argument?

The Truth Condition
The Logic Condition
Valid versus Invalid Arguments
Strong versus Weak Arguments
What is a Good Argument (II)?
Deductive and Inductive Arguments

Deductive Arguments and Valid Reasoning
Inductive Arguments and Strong Reasoning
Inductive Arguments and Scientific Reasoning
Part 2: All the Formal Logic You Need to Know For Critical Thinking

Introduction
What is Propositional Logic?

Introduction: What is Propositional Logic?
Compound Claims

Conjunctions (A and B)
Disjunctions (A or B)
Conditionals (If A then B)
How to Think About the Logical Connectives in Propositional Logic

Introduction to the Content in This Section
How to Think About the Logical Connectives in Propositional Logic
The Difference Between Natural Languages and Formal Languages
Issues With Translating “AND” and “OR”
Issues With Translating Conditionals: “If A then B”
Contradiction and Consistency

Contradictories (not-A)
Contradictories vs Contraries
Contradictions (A and not-A)
Consistency and Inconsistency
Contradictories of Compound Claims

not-(not-A)
not-(A and B)
not-(A or B)
not-(If A then B)
Ways of Saying “IF A THEN B”

A if B
A only if B
A if and only if B
A unless B
The Contrapositive: If not-B then not-A
(not-A) or B
Necessary and Sufficient
Categorical Claims and Their Contradictories

Categorical versus Propositional Logic
All A are B
Only A are B
Some A are B
The Square of Opposition
What I Wish I Knew About Logic Before Taking a Symbolic Logic Class

What I Wish I Knew About Logic Before Taking a Logic Class
Why Do Linguistics Majors Have to Study Logic?
Natural Language Has a Logical Structure
Formal Logic was Developed to Understand the Nature of Deductive Proof, Not Language
Different Logical Systems Can Be Used to Model Different Fragments of Natural Language
Aristotelian Logic: The Logic of Categories
Propositional Logic: The Logic of Statements
There Are Many Logics
Predicate Logic: The Logic of Quantifiers and Variables
Wrapping Up
Part 3: Formal Fallacies: Errors in Reasoning Due to Bad Logic

Introduction: What Are Formal Fallacies?
Argument Forms Using Disjunctions (A or B)

Valid Argument Forms Using OR
Invalid Argument Forms Using OR
Argument Forms Using Conditionals (If A then B)

Modus Ponens
Modus Tollens
Hypothetical Syllogism
Affirming the Consequent
Denying the Antecedent
Argument Forms Using Generalizations

Valid and Invalid Argument Forms Using ALL
Valid and Invalid Argument Forms Using SOME
Part 4: Informal Fallacies: A Guided Tour

Introduction: What is an Informal Fallacy?
Introduction

What is a Fallacy?
Categorizing Fallacies: Pros and Cons
The Rules of Rational Argumentation
Some Important Content Fallacies

Ad Hominem (Abusive)
Ad Hominem (Guilt by Association)
Appeal to Hypocrisy (tu quoque)
Appeal to Popular Belief (or Practice)
Appeal to Authority
False Dilemma
Slippery Slope
Fallacies That Violate the Rules of Rational Argumentation

Straw Man
Red Herring
Begging the Question (circular reasoning)
Begging the Question (broader sense)

How to Think About the Logical Connectives in Propositional Logic

5 Lessons