Argument Ninja Dojo/(1) Video Library > 3. How the Mind Works: Biases in Human Reasoning

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(1) Video Library > 3. How the Mind Works: Biases in Human Reasoning

Learn about cognitive biases and the psychology of persuasion, and how to use this knowledge to be a more effective critical thinker.

Note:

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Introduction

One of the most important areas of background knowledge that critical thinkers need to develop is background knowledge surrounding human nature and how the human mind works.

The videos in this address of the most important sub-topics within this broad topic: cognitive biases and the nature of human (ir)rationality.

The goal, again, is to develop a level of literacy around these topics so that we can think and talk about errors in reasoning that we're prone to make, and what we can do to reduce our susceptibility to those errors, or at least the negative consequences of committing those errors. 

Contents

Introduction

Introduction

1. Cognitive Biases and Human Reasoning

Overview of the Course

2. What is a Cognitive Bias?

What is a Cognitive Bias?
Preview
"Biased" Does Not Mean "Prejudiced" or "Bigoted"
Preview
An Example: The Gambler's Fallacy
Preview
The Most Important Discovery of Modern Psychology

3. Cognitive Biases and Their Importance For Critical Thinking

A Central Aim of Critical Thinking
"Mindware": Tools For Smart Thinking

4. Why Are So Many Industries Offering Cognitive Bias Training?

Why is Everyone Talking About Cognitive Biases?
Reason 1: Avoiding Disasters
Reason 2: Improving Performance
Preview
Reason 3: Promoting Social Justice
All of This is Just Applied Critical Thinking

5. A Gentle Introduction to Cognitive Biases

There are HUNDREDS of Cognitive Biases
We'll Look at FOUR in Detail

6. Confirmation Bias

What is Confirmation Bias?
Biased Memory and the Lunar Effect
Biased Search for Information (I): Interviews and Framing Effects
Preview
Biased Search for Information (II): How Questions Can Manipulate Memory
Biased Interpretation of Information: Mulder, Scully, and Giant Alien Spiders

Interlude: Early Podcast Episodes on Cognitive Biases

Introduction
Confirmation Bias and the Evolution of Reason

7. Pattern Seeking

We're Very Good at Seeing Patterns ... Maybe Too Good
We See Faces Everywhere. Why?
Cognitive Biases and Adaptive Shortcuts
Stairway to Heaven, Britney Spears and Backmasking
Preview
Looking for Meaning in German Carpet Bombing Patterns

8. The Anchoring Effect

What is the Anchoring Effect?
How Much is This Jacket Really Worth?
Preview
The Basic Shortcut: “Anchor and Adjust”
Irrelevant Anchors: Judges Literally Roll Dice on Damages
How to Use Anchoring to Manipulate Public Opinion

9. Hindsight Bias

What is Hindsight Bias?
How Hindsight Bias is Demonstrated
Hindsight Bias, 9-11 and Earthquake Prediction
Preview

10. Introduction to Debiasing Strategies

Debiasing Strategies: Overview
What is Debiasing?
Debiasing the Decision-Maker
Debiasing the Environment (or “How to Make You Stop Littering”)
Preview

11. Why Businesses Often Resist Debiasing

Five Reasons Why Businesses May Resist Debiasing
We have a BLIND SPOT When it Comes to Our Own Biases

12. Debiasing Strategies That Work

The General Problem: Narrow Thinking
Consider the Opposite
Make People Accountable
Pre-Mortem Analysis
Preview
The Value of Checklists
The Benefits and Risks of Group Decision-Making
The Debiasing Effects of Diversity
How to Get the Most Out of Brainstorming